Antimicrobial efficacy of plant essential oils and extracts against Escherichia coli. They may also be useful in applications in which other antimicrobials have reduced efficacy (e.g., in the presence of organics) or used with sensitive populations that are unable to tolerate exposure to harsh chemicals (e.g., elderly care facilities). These compounds could be used alone, in combination, or with fast-acting antimicrobials to provide a long-lasting residual.